INDEX
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A
Absolutism, 121, 201, 202 Abyssinia, Italian imperialist venture in, 89, 267 self-determination after the first war, 271 Acara, habits determined by the inner nature of group man, 187 Africa, Central and Southern, 177 European domination in, 170, 270 expulsion of Germany from, 132 its regional life killed by Rome, 109 North, European conquest of, 267 in the causal chain of the first war, 132 likely grouping with Muslim West Asia, 175 the impact of French culture, 60 South, race difficulty in, 72 the principle of self-determination inapplicable to, 177 Agadir and Algeciras, 132 Aggregates, and individuals, 24 struggles in history for their formation, 25 conditions for real unity of, 63 geographical, economic and psychological factors in forming, 67 homogeneous large, on racial or cultural affinity, 52 larger, formation due to military reasons, 98 small, their advantages, 99, 101;— defects, 103 Alexander, his empire, 104, 106 Akbar, failure to establish a new religion, 200 Alfred, and the state idea, 169 Alsace-Lorraine, French nationality and German domination, 49, 51, 140, 174, 271 America, and Phillipines, 90 civil war to settle the question of slavery, 171 continental agglomerate in, 12, 13 |
European possessions in, settlement a matter for the UNO, 13 intervention in Cuba and Mexico, 243 its democratic ideal, 85 attempted personal share in administration, 251 its ideal of League of Nations, 268 its language, and cultural poverty, 258. . its opposition to Socialism, 15 its real unity as a nation, 46, 263 natural subgroups in, 175 uniformity, in spite of free federation, 181 Anarchism, an international movement, 296 primarily as a revolt of labour, 297 ancient presocial age of, 31 nature’s revenge over too rigid mechanisation, 264 natural end of World State, 321 philosophical, as the issue of socialism, 156; —spiritual, 253 Arabs, destroying Rome, 110 Arabia, nation and loose cultural groups in, 105 expansion before national consolidation, 106 its separatist tendency, 175 Aristocracy, guild, of labor, 214 official, an intellectual bureaucracy, as in China, 214 Aristotle’s political being, 227 Armaments, international restriction of, an illusory remedy for war, 133 Aryan claims in India, their social and civic life, 100 Asia, continental agglomerate of, 12 recognising its resurgence and independence, 12 danger of communism, of combined Russia and China, 13 democratic ideal in, 85 |
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its growing self-consciousness under European domination, 171 importance of the people in, 248 its culture, recognition of, 58 its impact with the West, 60 monarchical idea in, passing away, 210 natural groupings in, 174 Russian domination over half, 279 social hierarchy, of the four orders in, 116 Asian question, its importance to world peace, 132, 177 Asoka, insignificance of his edicts, in Indian religions, 201 *Ashwamedha and Rajasuya sacrifices, 47 Assyria, expansion before national consolidation, 106,110 Assyrian Kings, 57 Athens, 101 its rich culture, 102 social equality in, 101 state idea in ancient, 32 Augustus, 55, 106, 200 Australia, as a British colony, 71 , beginning of national idea in, 44 grouping naturally with Britain, rather than with America, 174,283 uniformity in spite of free federation in, 181 Austria, fall of monarchy in, 209 its prewar Balkan policy, 231 union with Germany, 46, 51, 144 Austrian Empire, 174, 271, 279 Austro-Magyar, 44 Autonomy, national, of colonies, a step to federated empires, 90 140 Avatar, as law-giver, 201 B Babel, the tower of, 256 Balkan imbroglio, in the causal chain of the first war, 132 states, imperialistic ambitions of, 89 a constant theatre of disturbance, 268 Balkans, non-slavonic, elements in the, 53 Postwar arrangements in the, 271
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Belgium, in the first war, 132 its colonies, 89, 271 its recognition as a cultural unit, 59, 180 Bengal, growth of its language, the cause of its renaissance, 260 Bismarck, 268 Boer republics, 268 Bourbons in France, 121 Bourgeois, in modern democracy, 213, .2I4 Brahmin as jurist, 194 as soldier in Maharastra, 118 decline of his prestige, 228 dominance in India, 27, 119 the priestly and pedagogic class, 27 Breton, 49, 69, 246, 261 British colonial policy, 73, 74 and Ireland, 176, 258, 272, 283 British Empire, 44, 65 field for Nature’s experiment, 69;— towards real unity, 71 now a free commonwealth of nations, 53, 272 the king a symbol of unity, 212 British nation, its formation, 65 Buddha, democracy in the days of, 100 Buddhistic literature, 102 C Caliphate, 52;—and the new movements in Arabia, Persia and Egypt, 211 Canada, as a British colony, 71 beginning of national idea in, 44 its relations with England, 174, 283 Capital, its importance, 228 labour as its master in Marxian Socialism, 230 Caesars, 55, 58 and national unity, 106 Capets in France, 120 Carthage, 100, 104 Castille in Spain, 120 Catherine in Russia, 120, 121, 278 Celtic races, their struggle towards aggregation, 25 and culture, in Ireland, 57 Centralisation of Government, 181, 182, 184 economic and financial, 186, 190
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military necessity its main factor in nations and in the world state, 217 Centre, the need of a strong secular, 115 in nation-building, 120 Chaldean Empire, 110 Chandragupta, 100 Charlemagne, 56, 200, 247 China, a homogeneous empire, 53, 277 a large nation unit, 9 and Japan, 175 dictatorship in modem, 121 escaped deglutition by jealousies of nations, 267 fall of monarchy in, 209, 210 democratic at heart, 210 inadequate centralisation, its weakness, 182 national and loose cultural units in, 105 nation-building in, 117, 118 Christendom, medieval, 56, 108 and feudal Europe, 143 Christianity in India, a limited success, 61 Church and the State, their struggle in Europe, 117 Church as obstructing nation-building, 119 its decline in modern times, 228 City states, their rich culture in Greece, Italy, etc., 111, 264 Civilisation, 9, 16, 58, 59 Class domination, 26 war may break down national barriers, 145 Collective life of man, 19, 20 Confederacy of free nations, 322, 400 Confederation, Central European, 72 Constantinople, Russian demand for, 221 Constitution, as a mark of consicous evolution of society, 196 Commerce, international organisations for regulating, 130 Commercialism, 227, 228, 230, 231, 232 Communism, in Asia, 13, 15, its inevitable world-wide struggle |
with capitalism and social democracy, 146 not necessarily totalitarian in principle, 15 Continental agglomerates, preliminary to world union, 12, Court, international, 91 Cromwell, 278 Culture, in the modem economic view of life, 2.29 its forcible imposition, an exploded myth, 57, 287 national as distinct from state, 44 national, distinctive, 244 regional, its value, 20 the inner value, on which depends the outer, 262 Cultures, impact of, 57, 60, 288 Custom, crystallising into laws, 187 its force in India, 195 Czar, his absolute monarchy, 120, 208;—his militarism, 221
D
Democracy, an indication of the growing self-consciousness of the society, 187 based on liberty, 85, 86 bourgeois, 221, 222 modern, disguised oligarchy in actual working, 213 freedom of speech, thought and religion, its real gain, 292 the Greek and the modern idea of, 251 Democracies, small, in India and Greece, 99 political, 99 Dharma, king its upholder, not giver, in India, 198 the right law of being, 198 of the race, 33 of the state, 38 national, 198 Dharmarajya, the imperial reign of justice, 47 Disarmament, national, 226 Diversity, the need to retain its inner source, 264 Divine, as the law-giver, 188 indwelling, the hope for the new world-order, 8 |
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Domination, foreign, its utility for nation-building,110 Dominion Status, a confederation in fact, 70 an application of the principles of world union, 2,72 its effect on other Empires, 272, or Home-rule, 183 Druid civilization, 48
E
Economic life, its growing indivisibility and need of control, 240 Education, in the economic view of life, 229 Edward IV, 126 Egoism, collective, 266 of small units, to be pressed out for national unity, 110 of the state in internal and external relations, 37 Egoism, national, at the root of the colonial impulse,90;—and the continuation of Imperialism, 216;—baffling international control of war, 131 menacing international peace, 223 rendering concentration of military power, 225 the possibility of its dissolution, 257 the enemy of unity, 313, 315 can be overcome by the spiritual religion of humanity, 314 Egypt, a problem for British federation of colonies, 74 an analogy of the world problem, 263 national and loose cultural units in, 105 a nation in Africa, 270 gained independence after a struggle, 272 Elizabeth, 121, 278 Empire, a political unit, 43 an evolutionary necessity, 50; need to grow psychological unity, 50, 53 composite and homogeneous ,51 consolidation by brute force, the Teutonic method, 54 |
federal, its form, 64, 65 its true reality, psychological, 63 large, the inevitable result of internecine war, 103 Empires, heterogeneous, an intermediate step in human unity, 172 their federation for confederation, a likely approach to unity, 143 England, as the centre of a great supranational unity, 77 its culture, not imposed on subject nations, 57, 60;—Indian and Celtic influences on, 287 nation building in medieval, no the role of absolute monarchy in, I 18, 120, 122 under foreign yoke, 48 Saxon, national idea in, 46 state idea in, 32 transfer of the power of taxation first to the people, 191 English, killing out regional languages, 155 Equality, social and civic in small democracies, of Greece and India, 101 the cry of, 124 Euripides, 102 Europe, attempts at unification in history, 108 continental agglomerate of, 12 cultural interaction with Asia of, 245 her domination over Asia and Africa, the weakness of postwar arrangements, 171;—as a factor in cosmopolitan consciousness, 218 Modem, its debt to little centres of collective life, 20 natural subgroups in, 174 postwar redistribution of, 271 revival of its regional units on removal of the Roman pressure, 111 richness of life in small kingdoms, 21 small independent nations in prewar, 268 United States of, 91, 92,, 93 Evolution, application of ideas to life, 157 |
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human, 8;—through free variation and individual development, 30 of a new superhuman race, 9 social, through the individual, the group and humanity, 161 Evolutionary saltus opening a new line of human destiny, 4 F Fascism, undemocratic and non-equalitarian force of socialism, 230 Federation, European, a necessity, 92 failure in Russia due to lack of common ties, 2,77 its limited scope for variation, 322, Ferdinand of Spain, 121 France, Feudal, its unity achieved by Napolean, 184 fiscal powers, the strength of monarchy in, 191 foreign political interference in, 281 her European leadership broken by Germany, 80 in the first world-war, association with Russia and England, 81 its failure to impose its culture on subject nations, 60 nation building in medieval, 48, 111 its first step, the revival of regional life, 116 its benefit from the persistence of feudal divisions, 112 its core, central, unity under absolutism of Capets and of Bourbons, 120, 121, l85 Papal authority and the secular state, in, 118 state idea in modern, 32 the workshop of liberty in last two centuries, 88 Franco-German, the last great war on political motives, 231 Fraternity, the key to world unity, 315 French, the common cultural tongue of Europe, 256 Empire, its form, 64 nation, its elements, 48 Revolution, its internationalism, 293;— its watch-words, 124;— liberty, its first ideal, leading
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to democracy, 85;—Equality, the second, leading to socialism, 86;— reconstituted France on geographical basis, 283 Finland, self-determination of, 284
G
Gaelic race, invasion by, 106 German Empire, heterogeneous elements in, 51; —failure to unify them by brutal methods, 59; — claim for expansion in central Europe, 141 socialism, quick to throw internationalism, 296 Germany, a large enduring nation unit, 9 and the small Teutonic states, 268 democracy in, 85 foreign political interference in, 243 her imperialist ambitions and the allied appeal to free nationality, 268;—dream of world empire, 79;—causes of her defeat, 81 her brutal method of unifying the empire, 57 militarism of bourgeois, 221 nation formation under Napoleon’s yoke, 48 postwar break up of, 271 Prussian domination in, 183 Prussianism of, 263 revival of city and regional life in, 112 state idea in modern, 32, 88 unification under the Hohenzollerns and the Fuhrer, 120 uniformity by centralisation of national life in Berlin, 180 Gita, the, 160 Graeco-Roman civilisation, 54 world, its stagnation, 39 Greece, Early nation units in, 106 foreign political interference in, 266; — peace-time blockade against, 233 monarchy in, 100 Greek city-states, advantages and defects of, 25 the debt of modem civilisation to, 21 |
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language in the Roman empire, 54 nation, a real unity, not lost under Turkish yoke, 45 intervention by France or England for, 140
Group, its primary necessity for survival, 30 Group being, impersonal, represented by administrators, 251 Grouping, free and natural, as the basis of unity, 170 by nation-units, 173; —not by race or language, 173 its likely lines, 174; —harmony by removing aggression in the group, 175 present, the result of world forces, 168, 170 Guru Govind Singh, 118
H
Hague tribunals, 129 Henry IV of France, 121 Holy Alliance, of Metternich, 220 (Holy) Roman Empire of Charlemagne, 56 Home rule (See, Dominion Status) recognised by Western Powers, 270 in Ireland and in India, 255, 272 Humanity, as internationalism in Europe, 292 the religion of, 308, 309 intellectual as Positivism, 309-310 the mental child of rationalism, 310 its accomplishment dependent on its imperativeness, 312 its accepance as a spiritual religion, 315 its faith in humanity, 311 its fundamental idea: the godhead of man: 310 its good work in humanising society, 311 its gospel, liberty, equality and fraternity formulated by intuition, 313 limited to the social and political field, 314 the need of inner change, 315
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by awakening the soul o£ man, 315 supporting internationalism, 320 spiritual, the saving element for the intellectual, 322 its nature: growing realisation of the Spirit, 323 by individual discipline, 323 Humanitarianism, the result of the religion of humanity, 310 Hungary after the first world war, 215 in Austria, 221, 227
I
Ibsen, 251 Idea, a force for development, 303 expresses the will of nature, 302 evolutionary of life and nature, 159 the human, the individual as the luminous person, 30 Ideas and forces, their interplay in actual effectuation, 139 Ideal, as the first indication of Nature’s intention, 19of human unity, a determining force in future, 19 Ideals, as applied in politics, 270 of tree nationality, in the first war, 268 as progressing expressions of the eternal truth of life, 160 Imperial aggregates, domination of, 143, 148 Imperialism, and free association of nations, 90 and internationalism, 140 growing prewar, 266 rigid in Germany, liberal in England, as an undertone in America, 268 its importance, 141 its future federation conserving local cultures, 58 India, a problem to federation, 73-74 independent evolution, a condition for unity, 75 democratic ideal in, 85-86 diversity of languages in, 257 diversity of cultures in, 260; —case for their retention within the nation, 289
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evil effects of class domination in, 28 her life, importance of religion in, 202 impact of English culture on, 60 influencing Europe through English, 287 nation-building in, 26 the scaffolding of fourfold social order, 116 the unifying effect of her great empires, 104; —completed by British domination, 110 national consciousness of Mahrattas, 118 national evolution of, 46 psychologically ready for federation, 277 small aggregates, in, 99; —their advantages and disadvantages, 103, 264 Indo-British unity, 75, 76 Individual, and indispensable term of human progress, 27,36, 162; —and the group, 28, 32, 296 the, in small democracies, 101 Individualism and Collectivism, 30 the weakness of the English and Teutonic ideas of, 40 Intelligentsia, growing in Asia, 211 International Law, 134 organisation, 129, 130, 131; —for peace, 224; —concentrating military power, 226; —its pressure to end war, 234; —inevitable growth from an arbitrating to an executive authority, 236 Internationalism, a European idea, 292, 293 a corrective to national separativeness, 238 conditions favourable to its success, 294-295 intellectual, in its absolute form, 293 its futurist outlook, 294 its ineffective power, 297 its necessity, 292-302 its trend towards world republic, 212, 213 socialistic, in Germany, Russia, etc., |
305;—the cause of its bankruptcy, 2,96 the ideal, too vague for the psychological basis of unity, 318 Ireland and England, 66 failure to unite, by repression, 67, 278 (Ireland), formation of the republic, 66 Home rule movement, 68 its language and culture, 259; —attempts at revival, 260 nation-building unsuccessful in, 25 the continuance of her clan nations, 111-112 Islam, temporarily unifying the Arab Nation, 25 Islamic civilisation, its failure to form nation units, n6 Italy, colonial ventures of, 89 fascist, tyranny of, 251 its small units, their rich life and political weakness, 264 medieval, debt of European civilisation to, 21; —its regional cultures, 289 nation formation, under foreign. yoke, in, 40 the obstacle, of papal authority, 118 French aid to, 140 (Italy), Roman, successful aggregation of, 25 difficult problem of her assimilation, 107 revival of city states, in its cultural benefits, 112 Ivan in Russia, 121
J
Japan, an homogeneous empire, 51 assimilation of western culture in, 60 colonial ambitions of, 90, 93 its downfall removes Westerners’ antagonism, 12 pre-war expansion, absorption of Korea, 267 unification of spiritual and temporal leadership in, 117 modern nation unit in, 120 Jewish nation, failure to unite, 25 |
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Judea, nation-building in old, 106 Judiciary, centralisation under the world state, 193 its independence in England, 195
K
Kaiser Wilhelm II, 93, 268 Karma, separation of Ireland, the fruit of, 69 the first war, the fruit of, 132 King, as legislator controlled by religion, 195 as the state, 33 his divine right a fiction, 201 in council, in Aryan society, 197 progressive centralisation of his authority, 189; —transfer of his power to people, 190 Kingship, its historical importance, 121 to be democratic, in the world state, 212 Kshatriya, the kingly and warrior class, decline of his prestige 2,7, 2.28
L
Labour, in power, 297 internationalism, 145, 237 its growing importance, 213, 228 Language and uniformity of thought, 155 . common, its practical necessity, 2,56 its diversity no bar to cultural uniformity, 246, 257 one great principle of division in nature, 256; —the sign and power of the soul of the people, a factor of national unity, 2,57 (Latin) republics and America, 94, 144 Latin, the common cultural language of Europe, 256 as a dead language, impotent for creation, 261 killing out regional languages: of Gaul, Spain, and Italy, 155 Law, and liberty: 165; —liberty to obey the law of our being, 166; —law the child of liberty, 166 customary, embracing all life, 187
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its enforcement, 134; —by might, 134 rational, codified by central authority, 188; —its evolution from customary law, 187, 195; —the formulation of social dharma, 198 Law-giver, original, 188; a symbol, 188; —or a spokesman of Divinity not a law-maker, 188 League of democratic nations, for peace, 129; — impracticable without world support, 220, 225; —or military power, 225; —not effective against the great powers, 223; —the risk of internal discord or of strife with socialism, 220 of nations: a step towards free union, 273 its opportunistic element, 274 ignores psychological unity, 305 its fundamental defect, the oligarchy of great powers, 5 the result of the first war, initiating a new era in history, 129 Legislation, the culmination of social development, 186, 187 depending on social dharma, 198; —beyond the province of the sovereign, 199 Liberty, an obstacle to uniformity, 151; —likely encroachments on, 152; —a new formulation, consistent with unity, 152 and progress, 248 as the basis of democracy, 85 diminution of individual, in organised state, 87 in democracy, limited by the tyranny of the majority, 250 in socialism, 251, 252 necessary for power and fruitfulness of life, 165 of groups and individual supressed in nation-building, 121; —need for its reassertion, 124 sacrificed in Roman empire for its peace, 321 secured by nature through individuality, 256 the result of painful evolution, 150
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Life, diversity, not uniformity its rule, 255 the evolutionary idea of, as progressing through ideals, 157-160 Louis XIV, 121, 185 Lycurgus, 168, 188
M
Macedon, its overrule helping Greek unity, 46, 105, 132 Mahomed, 188 Man’s capacity for evolution by self-exceeding, 158 necessity for knowledge, 157 soul withering in stagnation after the first flush of the World State, 250 Manu, laws of (Manava dharma shastra), 168, 188 the law giver, 188 the mental man, 186 a symbol man, 188 the perfect sage and king, 201 Maurya Empire, 21, 110 Mazzini, 89 Megasthenes, 100 Metropolis, advantages of artificial concentration, 22 Metternich, 91, 220 Mikado, the spiritual and the temporal leader, 117 and the formation of the modern nation unit, 120 Militarism, not a German monopoly, 219 the result of national egoism, 219 Mind, the conscious part of nature, 158 imperfections of individual, and collective, 158, 160 Moghul empire, 21, 110, 210 Monarchy, 120, 123, 185, 209, 210, 211 Monarchical State, concentrated all national life in itself, 122 Moses, 188 Monroe doctrine, 94
N
Napoleon, his failure to establish an empire, 56 his ideas spread after his defeat, 88
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his limitation in legislation, 201 his yoke in forming o£ German Nation, 48 Nation, an aggregate, 43, 104;—the real unit, 45;—the organization for the group-soul, 46 a persistent psychological unity, 49 and human unity, possible adjustments, 163 building, its three stages, 112, 115 (i) the framework of fourfold social order, 116 (ii) unification under a strong centre, 117;—or foreign yoke, 45, 48;—modifying the social order, 117;—and suppressing group liberties, 120 (iii) progressive self-consciousness, securing individual liberty, equality and fraternity, 124 formation in Europe in the millennium after the fall of Rome, 104, 111 free and organised, the near future of, human group, 87 its foundation, not race but ties, historical and cultural, 276 its formal unity, by centralisation of military, 182;—and of administrative organisation, 184 its psychological unity, 299;—a slow growth, from necessity, 300 its soul expressed in the religion of patriotism, 300, 307 the importance of natural language to, 257 the natural unit of free grouping, 172 (Nation) units, and state units, 276 old, formed out of loose cultural units, 105; —by conquest, 106; —decline due to expansion, before consolidation, 106 the largest at present, 101 their need to form larger units, 9 their status in world-union, 178 Nations, as units of the World State, 212 their progressive subordination inevitable, 237 by centralisation of military, of ad
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ministration and of cultural life, 239 precarious position of small, 142 supreme council of, as a form of world state, 216 National liberty no longer an ideal, 140 Nationalism and Imperialism—the two sides of national egoism, 266 its barriers being effaced by science, religion, thought, 237 (Nationalism), may evolve World Parliament, 215 modified by the first war, 268-272 Nature in evolution, 157, 158;—acts in all our movements, 160 its eternal truths glimpsed as ideals, 159 in travail of imperial grouping, 50 crying halt to experiments on Roman lines, 56 experimenting on federal Empire of Great Britain, 69 her method, persistence if her intention is opposed by man, 46 calling up forces of opposition, 3 working through failures, 19 human unity, her will and design, 301; now trying political unity through external means, 147; UNO, the result of its forces, 3; will create a third body if UNO fails, 5; demands early establishments of the world order, 8; will ensure the success of the next union, in spite of the new weapons, 8 Nietzsche, 93 Noninterference, the principle abandoned in emergencies, 243
O
Oligarchy of imperial nations, 216 Ottoman empire, its failure, 46
P
Panchayat, Indian village jury, 194 Parliament, acquisition of power from the Stuarts, 191 of free nations, as a form of World State, 216 Parliamentarism, 214, 215
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Parliament of man, 153 Patriotism, 306 Peace, a covert war, 233 international ,the chief preoccupation of the world state, 218 various suggestions after the first war, impracticable, 219 world state concentrating military power in its hands, its only safeguard, 225 necessary for commercial prosperity, 231 the great gain of the world state, : 248 People and nations in the East, 248 transfer of power to, with growing social consciousness, 181; in external affairs, 189; in internal, 190; gradual in England, 191; revolutionary in France, 191 Persia, 208, 267 Peter, 120, i2l, 278 Phillip II of Spain, 121 Phillip, the first unifier of Greece, 106 Plantaganets, 120 Poland, and Russia, 278; the case for union, 278 in the first war, 140 national sentiment in, 49 under German Empire, 51 recognition of its autonomy, 176 Political self-consciousness, 119 Politician, the nature of modern, 35 Positivism, a formulation of the intellectual religion of humanity, 310 Powers, great, in international affairs, 141 Pressure commercial, a cold war, 233; boycott and blockade, its weapons, 233; in war and peace, in the hands of a world body, 234 Progress of man, through assimilation and interchange, 162 from uniformity of nature to selfpossessed unity of the Divine, 32 Protectorates, 56 of Mexico, 268
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Pundit, versed in Indian Shastras interpreting law, 195 Purana, the legend of Manu in, 188
R
Race as a subsidiary element of grouping, 173 Reign of Terror, state control started by Jacobins in, 87 Religion in aid of absolutism, 2,02 and internationalism, 295 as controlling the sovereign’s legislative powers, 195 in the modem economic view of life, 228 the spiritual life of the individual and the group, 200 cannot be determined by a monarch, 200 ultimately yielding to the state in the West, 195 Republic, as a likely form of the world state, with nations as provinces,213 Republicanism, Rooseveltian, its undertone of imperialism, a68 western in origin, but adopted widely in the East, 209 Revolt, the justification of, 124 Revolution, for removing barriers to self determination, 177 Roman citizenship to all subjects, 55 city-states, as examples of small aggregates,100 Roman Empire, as leading to stagnation in the Graeco-Roman world, 39 a model for future world state, 42 its absolutist form of government, 208 its advantages, 249 its component state disappeared in the Roman unity, 108, 267, 306 its failure due to vital exhaustion, 55,109 its peace in Europe more valuable than liberty, 225 mastery and overlordship, its method for supranational unity, 9
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the historic example of heterogeneous aggregate, 53 Rome, expansion of her empire before national consolidation, 106 its civilisation temporarily revitalised by exchange with the East, 109 its sea power in subduing Carthage, 81 Ruling body, the organised state, not the best minds in the state, 35; nor the sum of the communal energies, 37 Russia, a congeries of nations, not a nation state, 277 its nation units crushed by the imperialism, 265 after the revolution, 271 and China, the combination a threat to Asia, 13 and Finland and Poland, 284; the justification of their union, 278; its military and economic advantages, 279 Bolshevist, despotism of Soviets, 275; intolerant and violent communism, the result of its history, 6 duel between socialism and democracy in, 221 growing power of labour in, 214 its domination over half Europe, 279 may achieve world union for a time, with its strong communistic idealogy, 10 militarism of socialist, 221 nation formation, under foreign yoke, 48 importance of Czars to, 120; their absolutism helping central uniformity, 121 Soviet tyranny of the mass over its units, 253 the Czar in, 221 the principles of political arrangement illustrated by application to, 276 to 278 Russian and Panslavonic empires, dream of, 52 heterogeneous, its problem, 53
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Russian Empire, the, its feeble psychological bond, 278 its geographical and economic necessity, 200 Russian Socialism, 296
S
Samrat or Chakravarti Raja, Emperor, or the head of a circle or union of kings, 47 San Francisco: initiation of the world organisation, a good beginning, 15 Sanskrit, as the common language of India, 256 Science, 83 and internationalism, 295 and the possibility of establishing world empire by force, 11, 83 in effacing national barriers, 237 in the economic view of life, 229 in the socialistic world, 246 in unifying world culture, 245 may attempt unity by mechanical means, in vain, 20 Scotch, the, as an element of the British Nation, 50, 66 Scotland, its clan-nations, unified under English yoke, 112 its relations with England, 67, 69 nation building under foreign rule, in, 25 Security Council: oligarchy in, special powers to big five a concession to realism, 5 Self-consciousness, national, growing in Europe, Asia and Africa, 171 Self-determination as the basis of diversity in a free world union, 283 of dependent nations, accepted in Europe, 176 opposed by imperial egoism, 176 the first step towards psychological unity of empires, 171 of nations, in Europe and elsewhere, 222 the Russian ideal, 275 a new moral force for the future, 279
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as compared to the French Revolutionary ideal, 281 its power affected by the opposing principle of revolutionary force, 276 its significance now lost, 281 not backed by force, 281 substitutes psychological for the vital basis of political arrangements, 277 Semitic Nations, struggle towards aggregation, 25 Serbia, now Yugoslavia, as a cultural unit, 59, 232, 268 greater, 140 Shastra, Hindu, an ossification of custom, 196 embracing the whole life of society, 187 secured uniformity in social life, 87 the legislative authority, 194 Shudras, as warriors, 118 the working class: its growing importance, 228 their subjection in India retarded progress, 103 Slav nations in Austrian empire, 44 Slavery in Islamic social order, 116 in early democracies, in Greece, Rome and India, 102 Social order, in small democracies and in empires, 99 its hierarchy in the East and the West, 116 the necessary framework for nation building, 116 the need for dissolution of the hierarchy for national uniformity, 118 Socialism, aims at self-conscious uniform ordering of the whole life, 200 an out-growth of nationalism, 296 and the form of the world state, 212 as opposed to bourgeouis democracy, 220 based on equality modifying liberty, 86 cooperative, a likely development, 14 democratic, 86
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independent of labour, 230 its challenge, the great political question, 2,44 its extension, likely to all nations, 14;—except America, 15 its militaristic possibilities, 223 its triumph in leading nations will impose its rule on others, 244 Marxian, an aid to commercialism, 2.30 primarily a revolt of labour, 297 the truth in the aim of modern, 41 Society, centralisation and uniformity, 241 its evolution from natural to rational, 204 organised, by centralisation, 194 self-conscious evolution begins with the king and the council, 197 through the state, legislating for its needs, 187 Sovereign, centralisation of executive authority, 193 Spain, nation formation in: its feudal divisions, 112 spiritual powers of its king, 118 unification under the House of Castille, 120 under foreign yoke, 48 Fascist interference in, 244 Sparta, kingship in, 100 social equality in, 101 the centripetal force in Greece, 45, 106 the state ideal, totalitarian in ancient, 32 Spirituality, reawakening, may end commercialism, 230 State, a machinery, 40 absolute socialistic, a child of monarchistic, 203 an entity without ideals or conscience, 37 and Society, their growing self-consciousness, 187 eclipsing the respect for individual liberty within the nation, 152 education, defects of, 40 idea, as opposed to the human idea, 30 in modern times, 33 its inadequacy, 35
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its inevitable drift to uniformity and socialisation, 247 its three types, 32 international, its necessity, 136 its business: to facilitate co-operative life, 41 its call egoistic, not that of our highest ideals, 39 its limited scope in the East, 248 its present basis, vital and physical, 276 its recent attempt to grow into an intellectual and moral being, 38 its supremacy over, or unification with, the Church, 117 its utility, 40 national, the German experiment, 87 perfectly organised, based on socialism, 86 the origin and growth of the idea, 87 regimentation, 156 religion, aiding absolutism, 202 the history of its evolution, 204;— two future possibilities: 205 States, international co-operation of free national, 89 Stuarts, 191 Subjectivism, favouring variation, 155 Switzerland, its unity in diversity, 173, 180, 182, 245
T
Tariff walls as the result of commercial rivalry, 231 Teutonic nations in Europe, 51 empire, with Germany and Austria, its possibility, 144 Time Spirit, 230 Tolstoy, 253 Tudors, 120 Turkey, in Europe, 74, 268 movement for uniformity, 180 post-war allied policy in, new nations out of the empire, 175
U
Uniformity, a sign of the group, 30 as the basis of world unity, its
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extreme forms and compromises, 154 by force, the result of centralisation, 150 its application in modem times, 180 its extension from the nation unit to the World State, 179 of Judicial administration, 194 of law, 195 of social principles, regulated by the State, 203 the basis of life’s stability, 164 the first foundation of a nation unit, 120, 180 the only means, to the human intellect, for unity, 180,184 of centralised government, 180 the risks of too rigid, 166 Union, preserving the freedom of the groups, the correct process of human unity, 265 UNO, 2, 129 an outcome of natural forces, a step in the right direction, 3, 15 its need of careful leadership, 4 its real danger: division into two camps, communism and democracy, 6 trend to form a world order representing both, 7 a good omen for future bodies, 15 the trace of oligarchy in, 5 a concession to realism, 5 Unity between man and man, the aim of the religion of humanity, 313 expressed in Vedic Hymns, 313 based on the change of the inner human nature, 314 demand for early, 96 probable lines of progressive, 97 external without internal, possible but cannot be healthy, 42 inevitable, 318 its likely forms, 319 its two factors: uniting sentiment and vital necessity, 317 the psychological factor essential, 318 formal, a framework for the psychological, 303
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the urge in nature expressed in international socialism, 305 may culminate in a world state or a confederation, 305 its possibilities, 303 domination by one or more powers, 303 international control by a league, 304 provide no basis for psychological unity, 305 human, a part of Nature’s scheme, 23 founded on diversity, 255 its ideal form: co-operation of all free nations and empires for international purposes, 90, 94, 139 free association of free nations, 127, 168, 256 not likely to be immediately accepted, 138 actually working out through strife, 169 practicable if the state idea be resisted by democratic nations, 248 securing uniformity with freedom and diversity without separativeness, a difficult problem, 262 its military necessity, 2.18 its economic necessity, 227, 234 supranational aggregates, like Indo-British, the next step towards, 76, 263 the ideal, a determining force in future, 19 valuable as a framework for richer life for the individual and the groups, 20 international, loose formation its first framework, 126; — the problem complicated by racial and cultural agglomerates, 138 mechanical, inevitable pending psychological, 323 national, its cost in India and Europe, 99 psychological, growing out of the political unity of empires, 52
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not achieved by Roman or other empires, 306 of nations, as a religion of the country, 307;—following the external, 318 of man needs the Religion of Humanity, 308 real, achievable only by a spiritual religion of humanity, 316;— based on freedom, 163 embracing unity and uniformity, 164 spiritual, allowing full freedom of self-expression, 323;—renders uniformity unnecessary, 164;— safeguards liberty, 167 world, inevitable, 16-17 Upanishads and Vedas reveal the vivacity of early spiritual life, 102
V
Vaishya, bourgoisie, dominant in Europe and America, 26 his importance in the modern world, 228 Variation and free interchange, the fundamental principle in human nature, 157 progresses with the evolution of the mental being, 30
W
Wales, as a part of British Nation, 49 geographical necessity of the union, 67 nation-building in, 25 War, commercial rivalry, its motive, 231 regulation, by the World State, 233 efforts at international control, 130 national egoism, its root cause, 132. Will, secret in things for unity, 137 Wilson, President, 273 Women, subjection of, in democratic communities, 99 in Greece, Rome and India, 103 World-culture, one with free regional diversity, the ideal, 289 the trend towards, 245
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World-order, early need to achieve, 8 World-empire by force, 78 World-State, the;—and human unity, 42 arising out of voluntary international organisations for peace, 236 by progressive centralisation, 238 of administration, 239 of control over the economic life, 240 of the judiciary, 242 and uniformity of common life, 242 and of culture, 245 by external means, of forceful fusing of nations units, 178 crime machinery, under the, 242 free grouping of nations, its just basis, 170 gain to humanity, peace and wellbeing, 248 implies a central organ of power representing the will of the nations, 208 instinct of unity, its only psychological support, 307 on sure justice and fundamental equality, 6;—an evolutional necessity, 8 socialistic, inevitable growth out of the state idea, 247 seeking uniformity, will end in the revolt of anarchism, 321 supported by commercialism, 232-33 unification of powers the real problem, 216 World Union, 284 recognition of the will of the peoples, 284 free economic interchange, 284 its framework: 289 confederation for common human ends, 289 subduing separativeness by a psychological change; 290 on free self-determination as the basis of diversity, 283 World War I, its causes, 132 its effects in Europe, and Africa, 270-271
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its lessons, the need of human unity, 127 reinforced international tendencies, 297 revealed the need of international peace organisation, 218 revived the idea of free nationality, 212, 268 suggested closer association of nations, 91 World War III, the catastrophe becoming large, 2
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may precipitate the final outcome of the World endeavour, 5
Y
Yoga, spiritual discipline: its method of calling up opposing forces for final solution, 2 Yugoslavia, see Serbia
Z
Zollverein, natural to the German Empire, 72, 75
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